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What is Reproduction Process in Organisms?
Reproduction is a process of producing new individuals who look similar to their parents. DNA is the genetic material that helps to transfer similar features from parents to the next progeny. Certain changes in DNA lead to variations. Variations can be productive as well as lethal. Variation is the raw material on which natural selection operates. It helps in the survival of species.
Reproduction Process in Organisms
Reproduction is a process by which new individuals are produced by their parents. Like all other basic processes of life like nutrition, respiration, and digestion, the etc reproductive system is not an essential process to maintain life.
Why an organism reproduces
The reproduction process involves an expenditure of energy yet it is not important to maintain life still, reproduction is a vital process because it helps the organism to create individuals which have looks very much similar to it. It helps to maintain the race and it is required for the survival of living things.
Concept of reproduction
Individuals produced by parents may not be identical but they are similar. The reason for this is the inheritance of features from parents to their new ones. This information is stored in chromosomes present in the nucleus in the form of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). A cell undergoing reproduction creates two copies of its DNA using chemical reactions. This cell also synthesizes additional cellular machinery which carries an individual copy of DNA during cell division.
As the process of DNA replication is a biochemical reaction so there is always a chance that the coping of DNA may not be accurate. This process may also lead to certain variations in copying DNA. Variations can be lethal leading to cell death or can correspond to entirely different progeny.
Importance of variation
Variation is defined as certain changes in external appearance which is different from other members of a particular population. Reproduction always produces individuals similar to their parents but sometimes DNA copying is not as accurate which leads to certain variations. Variation among the population is the raw material on which natural selection operates.
It is important for the survival of any species. Unfavorable circumstances and drastic environmental conditions may lead to the extinction of entire species but the presence of certain variations may lead to the survival of a few which can help to replenish the species. Variation broadens the range of circumstances and environments in which an individual can live and survive.