What are Angiosperms?
Angiosperms are found in every kind of habitat except extreme environments. They range from microscopic Wolfiato to tall trees like Eucalyptus.
Angiosperms constitute one of the major groups of seed plants. Angiosperms also known as flowering plants as their pollens and ovules are developed inside a flower i.e. they are not naked in nature. Angiosperms have commercial value in providing with food, medicines fodder, fuel, etc.
What are the Classes of Angiosperms?
Angiosperms are mainly divided into two classes namely dicotyledons and monocotyledons. Monocotyledons have one cotyledon in their seed whereas dicotyledons have two cotyledons
What is the Male sex organ?
The male sex organ is known as the stamen. The stamen consists of three parts as another where microspores are produced by meiosis, a connective that serves as the connection between anther and stalks like the filament.
What is the Female sex organ?
The female sex organ is known as the carpel or pistil. The pistil consists of an ovary where seeds have produced a style which is a pillar of structure that connects to the stigma the sticky end where pollens are sticks. The ovary encloses ovules that possess female gametophytes known as embryo sacs. Cells of embryo sacs are haploid as a result of meiosis. Embryo sacs possess egg apparatus which is made of three cells namely egg cells with synergids, polar nuclei, and antipodal cells.
What is Fertilization?
Polar nuclei are two in number and fuse to produce a secondary nucleus which is diploid in nature. After pollination pollens are transferred to the stigma where they stick to produce the tube-like structure which penetrates the stigma and style to reach the ovary where they discharge their two gametes. One male gamete fuses with the secondary nucleus to produce a triploid primary endosperm nucleus (PEN). Another male gamete fuses with the egg cell to form the zygote and this process is known as syngamy. As two fusion processes take simultaneously this process is termed double fertilization
Zygote thus formed develops into an embryo and PEN develops into endosperm to provide nourishment to the embryo under development. Synergids and antipodal cells present in the egg apparatus degenerate after the fertilization process. Ovules develop into seeds and the ovary develops into fruit.
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