What is a Tissue?
A tissue is a collection of cells with similar structures performing a similar function. Animals and plants are made up of different tissues based on their structural organization.
Plant tissues mainly include meristematic tissue which is further divided into apical, lateral, and intercalary, and permanent tissue which is further divided into simple and complex permanent tissues
What are Plant Tissues?
Cells with similar structures performing similar functions are referred to as tissue. Plant tissues are dead and are meant for providing structural strength as plants are restricted in their movements. Growth tissues in plants are bound for specific locations.
What are the types of Tissue?
Plant tissues mainly include meristematic and permanent types.
What is Meristematic Tissue?
Cells of these tissues are actively dividing which provides growth to plants. This kind of tissue includes the cell with the active nucleus and dense cytoplasm. Based on their location these tissues are of three types namely apical, lateral, and intercalary.
Apical meristem: Present on the tip of the shoot or root and is involved in increasing the length of roots as well as the stem.
Lateral meristem: These are involved in an increase in the diameter of the stem and root. Also known as cambium.
Intercalary meristem. Present in regions between mature tissues. Mainly observed around a base of internodes and leaves.
What is Permanent Tissue?
These tissues are formed as a result of the differentiation of meristematic tissues. Meristematic tissue cells will lose activity once they have a specific shape size and function resulting in permanent tissue development. They are mainly of two types simple and complex.
What is Simple Permanent Tissue?
These tissues are made up of similar kinds of cells and are mainly involved in packing. Parenchyma: Simple permanent tissue having live cells and large intercellular spaces. They provide strength and occasionally help in food storage
What are the functions of Tissue?
Chlorenchyma: Parenchyma containing chlorophyll. They are helpful in performing the process of photosynthesis
Aerenchyma: Parenchyma with large cavities. They are generally seen in aquatic plants and plays role in buoyancy
Collenchyma: Made of living cells and are located below the epidermis. Cells are generally elongated with irregular corner thickenings. Provide support and bending movements to plants
Sclerenchyma: Made of long, narrow, and dead cells. The walls of this tissue are very thick with no internal spaces. Provide hardness to plants
What is Complex permanent Tissue?
Tissues are made up of many kinds of cells which unite to perform specific functions e.g. Xylem, Phloem
Xylem: Mainly consists of tracheids, vessels which are tubular in structure and help in vertical transport of water and minerals. Xylem parenchyma helps in food storage and xylem fibers for structural support
Phloem: It consists of sieve tubes with tubular cells and perforated walls, companion cells, phloem fibers, and phloem parenchyma. All phloem cells are living cells with the exception of phloem fibers.
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