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What is Tournament Theory
There are two terms in economics that seem to grab a lot of attention. They are very much essential in the economic scenario in order to understand the concept of tournament theory which is the relative difference. It can be best explained in the case of wages.
Tournament Theory Example
Let us take an example to talk about it in detail and for more understanding. If you get a ten percent hike in the hourly income that you receive, then what would you do? You can choose to adjust your working hours accordingly. You can choose to increase it, decrease it or maintain the same. All three would be the options from which you can choose from. This is the substitution effect.
What is The Substitution Effect
Let us assume the case of the private institutions and the public one. If there is an increase in rates by about 10 percent in the case of the private universities and an increase in rates by only 3 percent in the public universities, the tendency would be to move from the private to public universities.
This is true in all the other things that are happening around us too. It can be in the goods, the brands, and much more.
A few examples would be the relative price of one beverage Vs the beverage of another brand, and so on...
The change of relative prices is the substitution effect (steep line to dotted line) and the change of purchasing power is the income effect (dotted line to parallel solid line)
What is Income Effect
It can happen due to various reasons. They can be the change in income, the change in prices of the goods, the change in currency value and so on. Since it is known us that income can not be considered as good, it has to be exchanged with some good in return.
Thus the purchasing power of a person increases when there is a decrease in the price of the goods that he wants to purchase.
What is Leisure
In case you are talking about the labor supply, there is one thing that has to be considered, which is termed as leisure. It is defined on an hourly basis and is considered to be a normal good. Leisure increases with income. With the increase in income, people tend to retire early and spend more time on leisure.